Hello,

My name is Demetre Valaris, I was born in 1955 and I live in Athens, the city under the Acropolis, located in Greece, the country of the gods and civilization.

I am married to Gillian since 1978 and we have a lovely daughter called Sophie (our harmonic and hopefully a Radio Amateur some day).

Been professionally involved in the Operation & Communication side of Information Technology since 1991, I studied it for the first time in 1974 using a telex machine as a remote terminal and also punch cards.

Computing is also one of my hobbies since 1981 when I bought my first home computer a ZX-81, as well as Amateur Radio (mostly SSTV, PACTOR, PACKET RADIO and HF PORTABLE) and this WEB site is dedicated to Amateur Radio!

My favourite Hobby is Amateur Radio and I love using computers with it. This combination is perfect for me. I can do both my hobbies (amateur radio and computing) together. Amateur Radio without Computers, in my opinion, cannot exist because nearly all Radio Amateur modes need a computer to operate effectively. Even the SSB/CW operators use a computer today, at least to log their QSOS (contacts).

I particularly enjoy operating SSTV (Slow Scan TV), RTTY (Radio Teleprinter) and other HF DIGITAL DATA MODES (PACTOR, AMTOR, PACKET etc.), but I also love taking my radios on the mountains in order to operate while I walk or cycle.

First licensed in 1983 (out of love for SSTV really), having been an SWL (ShortWave Listener's callsign SW1AAU in 1973) for many years before (1970-1983). I still enjoy listening to Shortwave AM broadcasters, but not very often nowadays.

I built my first Cat's Whisker (Crystal Detector) in 1967, using a PBS crystal stone as an AM detector, a Cat's Whisker made from the thin [E] string of my guitar, a variable coil using the wire of an old bell with a safety pin and part of a wooden broomstick, a paper capacitor using strips of paper and aluminium foil from a packet of cigarettes and a pair of old army surplus headphones from the flea market in Athens. I was 12 years old then.

My first homemade Medium Waves AM transmitter (for EXPERIMENTAL purposes) was built soon after this. I used an 6F6 tube as a VFO and an 6L6 tube as a final. This happened after having burned a 2 transistor mini transmitter because my soldering iron was 100 Watts. Valves do not get burnt by a 100 watts soldering iron!!! Later I used other tubes as finals, such as 807s, 6146s, 811s and 813s. All this happened on and off between 1968 and 1975.

When I started as a licensed Radio Amateur operator (callsign SV1UY) I had to construct and operate with a homemade 5 watt QRP SSB/CW transmitter and my YAESU FRG-7700 receiver which I kept since I was an SWL. Soon after this, I built a small Linear Amplifier with an 811 valve, but I haven't used it very much. Later I built my own RTTY, SSTV, PACTOR, AMTOR and PACKET Radiosystems since when one is young and married he is usually short of cash!

Construction and operation of SSTV, DIGITAL MODES and HF Portable QRP, rather than country and awards hunting are my main interests in Amateur Radio.

Other hobbies of mine are PHOTOGRAPHY, ASTRONOMY, MOUNTAINEERING and CYCLING!

My ancestors had developed an amazing communication system. They used fire signals during the night and smoke or audio signals during the day to send messages from city to city or from remote places back to their homeland, much earlier than 1200 B.C. For this reason they had built a whole network of manned telecommunications towers (called Fryktories) on the mountain tops of the Greek islands in the Aegean Sea and on many mountain tops of the Greek Mainland. For example, in the Trojan war, 1200 B.C., they used this system to notify their cities back home that they had won the war. They used this communication system in a similar way we use our VHF/UHF repeaters today. Our National Telecommunications Company (OTE) has installed many microwave links to link the remote cities, right next to where our ancestors had built their own telecommunications towers.

My ancestors were very clever people.

The word "TELE" the first part ot telecommunications, is a Greek word and it means "FAR AWAY".

Hydraulic Telegraph

At first they used simple fire signals in order to exchange messages and later they thought of the hydraulic telegraph made by Aeneas in order to exchange more sophisticated messages. Still they could only exchange a few set messages, more than the first system could, but nevertheless a definite number of messages. They could only send as many messages as the hydraulic telegraph could take on it, and they had to be prearranged beforehand.

Optical Telegraph

Later they thought of the optical telegraph where they separated the Greek alphabet in 5 groups of letters and each group had 5 letters except for the last one that had only 4 (the Greek alphabet has only 24 letters). This way they could exchange any kind of message they wanted because with this system they could actually send letters and not prearranged messages. This system is the true ancestor of the MORSE CODE that we still use today. In the optical telegraph they used twin telecommunications towers at each end with 5 torches on each side of the station. The torches on the left side were used to indicate which group of letters they where about to send and the torches on the right to indicate which actual letter of the group they were sending. So if they wanted to send the letter "I" they lit 2 torches on the left tower (letter "I" was in the 2nd group) and 4 torches on the right towers (the letter "I" was the 4th letter of the 2nd group). They also used double pipes, just like binoculars without lenses, through which they could see only one side of the remote tower through each pipe, i.e. through the left pipe they could see the one tower of the remote station and through the right pipe the second tower of the same remote station. As you can understand the bigger the separation between the 2 towers of each optical telegraph station, the longer the communication range would be. This range was usually 20 - 30 kilometres but sometimes about 100 kilometres because the nights in Greece are usually very clear.

When they wanted to send encrypted messages they just changed the letter groups and or the number of the groups. Of course both ends should know which combinations they were using.

The Byzantines

* The information on the "Telecommunications in Ancient Greece" is based in the work of Christos D. Lazos, a very good Greek historian. Christos D. Lazos has written a great book, in Greek Language, under the title "Telecommunications of the Ancient Greeks". This book is in Greek and is worth reading.

I have always been fond of operating with portable radios. I feel that portable operation and QRP are made for each other. Furthermore even today I enjoy constructing radios and most of all QRP radios. I am a member of G-QRP CLUB and Athens QRP Net. I went on the air for the first time as a licensed Radio Amateur in 1983 using QRP Homebrew equipment. This was a 5 Watts, 1.8-30 MHZ SSB transmitter using the VFO of my Yaesu FRG-7700 radio receiver for transmitter frequency generation and the receiver itself for reception.

Alas I have not kept the homemade QRP transmitter and FRG-7700 receiver.

Later I built a 2 element Cubical QUAD and I worked all the continents with CW, SSB, RTTY and SSTV. Unfortunatelly I took my QUAD antenna down since I moved QTH.

Numerous QRP rigs have also been built by myself and one of these is the DSB-80 a kit and the SEVERN TRANSCEIVER from SPRAT of the G-QRP club. Infact I made a dual band (40/20) DSB/CW SEVERN QRP transceiver, a mix of these two nice designs. I built this in 1987 and had a lot of nice 2 way QRP QSOS with it especially when I was on my holidays in the Greek Islands of the Aegean Sea and also for my early portable operations before 1990. Follow this link to have a look at it.

My Mizuho

I own a MIZUHO MX-14S portable HF 2 watts SSB/CW HT, with it's 1.4 meter whip. I have been using it for a long time in my mountain treks. In the past I always took it with me on my holidays. I started operating as an HF Walking Portable Station with this HF (20 meter) Handie Talkie in January 1990.<

No one was calling this kind of operation Pedestrian Mobile /PM then, which I think is not a succesful term since most non English Radio Amateurs do not understand the word Pedestrian. A term such as Walking Portable is easily understood by all. Anyway I was just signing as SV1UY/P, i.e. SV1UY Portable then and everybody knew what I meant.

You can follow this link to see an older picture of myself using my trusted MIZUHO MX-14S near the top of Mt. Ymittos. You can also see the 4 meter white cable which was used as a counterpoise.

My FT-817

Since November 2000 I am the proud owner of a YAESU FT-817 (a great HF+6m+2m+70cm battery operated 5 Watts little transceiver) with an MP-1 all band manual screwdriver antenna and an ATX 80-6 mini telescopic antenna, I take this radio everywhere. You can follow this link to see me and my daughter Sophie operating pedestrian mobile with the FT-817 and ATX antenna on the lower part of Mt. Ymittos near our home in Athens.

My RACAL PRM4031

In 2001 I got another nice radio for my backpacking adventures. It is the RACAL PRM4031, a 0.5-30 MHZ, 10 watts manpack ex-military radio of the British Army, with it's own 2.5 meter whip and built in manual ATU. This one weighs around 8.5 Kgr, backpack, antenna, radials, extra battery, cw key and speaker mike included. You can click on the following links to see me operating as a pedestrian mobile station on Mt. Ymittos and on the island of Aegina. Up to now it has taken my signals as far as ZL-land (New Zealand) and VK-land (Australia), and of course all over Europe.

I have also done a lot of NVIS (Near Vertical Incidence Skywave) QSOS with it on 40 meters by bending the whip antenna towards the ground. This is the best propagation mode for having HF QSOs within Greece. Bending the antenna towards the ground and connecting a 3 meter or longer radial at the ground terminal of the radio, makes the radiation angle of the radio signals higher towards the sky, hence allowing stronger signals to be transmitted towards the sky and therefore shortening the skip. which is highly desirable for QSOs over shorter distances, i.e. within the boundaries of a country.

Counterpoise kit by Dale-W8ABZ

For all these vertical portable antennas I use with my portable radios, whether they are the ATX or MP-1 or any other vertical whip, I need some sort of radial/counterpoise, to play the role of the vertical dipole's missing half. Vertical antennas are really assymetric vertical dipoles, so the missing half is important for their efficient operation.
Here is a Radial/Counterpoise constructional article with full details and pictures that Dale-W8ABZ sent me and asked me to include it here so that others may benefit from it. This kit is made from 6 pieces of speaker or any multicore 1.5 mm square insulated wire, each wire having a small socket at both ends similar to banana sockets and plugs. By connecting together 2 or more pieces at a time, you have the counterpoise you need for each amateur band. Using various combinations of these 6 pieces one could cover all Amateur bands between 80 and 6 meters, including most of the International Shortwave Broadcaster Bands. The good idea about this article is that one does not need to carry 9 pieces of wire and also we only need 2 pieces at maximum for each Amateur Band, except 80m where we use all six wires, and this is making a robust counterpoise system with one or two pieces being used per band from 40-6 m.

I built 3 of these kits on 15 May 2001 and tested them in all bands. Sorry folks I forgot to test 80 meters but it should work. My ATX, using my FT-817, tuned straight away even on 15 meters where I have always had problems getting a low SWR. I also used it with my MP-1 and FT-817 by laying the radial on one of the rocks of the breakwater in Vayia-Aegina on Sunday 20 May 2001, when I had a QSO with Max ZL1BK/PM from Auckland. I even used it with the 8 foot whip and built in ATU that my RACAL PRM-4031 has as a standard accessory, when I had a QSO with Jim VK2GJM in Sydney.

On 28 February 2001 at 06.25z I contacted ZL1BK/PM on 14,348 KHZ via the LONG PATH using CW while I was trekking on the slopes of Mt. Ymittos and I also spoke to him at 06.45z on 14,280 KHZ using SSB. We were both operating as Pedestrian Mobiles (/PM) with very short antennas and only 5 watts so these QSOs have been recognized as a WORLD RECORD since we covered about 22533 kilometers (22593 by other calculations) via the LONG PATH. This has been published by many leading Ham Radio Magazines World Wide (QST, RadCom, SPRAT, Radio Telecommunications Magazine, SVNEWS, etc.) and also by HFpack which only recognised this distance as 17,467 kms - which is the SHORTPATH distance of our 22,533 kms LONGPATH QSOs - but since they had set the rules before our QSOs I can't complain. Nevertheless, noone has ever managed to break even the 17467 kms record up to now.

We used the well known propagation technique called CHORDAL-HOP.

Follow the next link to see the QSL CARDS we exchanged for the 2 World Record Breaking QSOS.

These were my first RECORD BREAKING HF 2 way Portable to Portable QSOs with very short antennas and QRP power.

I also contacted Max ZL1BK/PM on 25 February 2001, 4 March 2001 and 11 March 2001 in other bands by using the same rig and antenna. He was also using an FT-817 at 5 watts and a short handheld vertical antenna very similar to mine.

My best DX with my FT-817 and W3FF's 9 band handheld dipole

On 8 April 2001 at 06.05z I contacted again Max ZL1BK/PM on 21.437 KHZ while I was walking on Mt. Ymittos and then we QSYed down to 18,157 KHZ where we had a 30 minute long SSB QSO with 5-8 reports at both ends. We both used homemade dipoles and the well known CHORDAL-HOP mode over the LONG PATH. We spanned again a distance of 22,533 kilometers over the LONGPATH. I exploited the sloping ground of the mountain with my horizontal dipole facing New Zealand over the LONG PATH with radiation angles lower than 10 degrees while Max ZL1BK was right next to the seawater in the north island of New Zealand using his dipole in a SLOPER configuration and using the sea water as a super reflector to enchance his low angles of radiation. I must mention that my half sized portable dipole was made and sent to me all the way from Northern California from my good friend Budd W3FF, now famous for his walking portable antenna The Buddipole. I have contacted Max ZL1BK several times after 8 April 2001.

*** On 6 May 2001 at 05.52z I contacted W3FF/PM while using his dipole and also had QSOs with ZL1BK/M and others.

My best DX with my RACAL PRM4031 and its own 2.5 meter whip

On 1 July 2001 at 04.55z I contacted again ZL1BK/PM on 14,345 KHZ using SSB while I was trekking on Mt. Pilion. W3FF/PM was on frequency too. I was using my RACAL PRM4031 with its 2.5 meter whip without any radials and I had the radio in its backpack case and over my shoulders. Again we used propagation mode called CHORDAL-HOP. Signals were 5-1 but the frequency was so clear that we had a 40 minute QSO. Budd W3FF/PM could not hear me very well though. Click here to see a picture of myself in QSO with ZL1BK/PM, W3FF/PM on Mt. Pilion.

My Sunday Sked

Until the end of 2002 we used to meet nearly every Sunday morning at 05.00z on 14,342.5 KHZ, at 05.30z on 18,157 KHZ and sometimes at 06.00z on 21,437 KHZ. After 06.00z I used to stay on 21,437 KHZ or 28,337 KHZ till about 08.15z while I was walking on Mt. Ymittos and I usually talked with my good friends G4MSF, G0EHX, SV1VN, ZL1BK, W3FF and many others from the USA, VK, JAPAN, EUROPE and I was even heard as far as FIJI by Raffy VK2RF operating as 3D2RS with his FT-817 and ATX (a 1.6 meter tuned whip) antenna. Many americans were curious to see if we were really telling the truth so they were always there eavesdropping (hi hi hi) every single Sunday morning. They were dying to break our World Record, but as far as I know noone has ever managed to break it up to now.

At 08.15z I used to QSY to 7,088 KHZ to talk to the Greek Emergency Net.

Of course nowadays with propagation changes I do not get up that early any more but I still try to monitor 14.340 KHZ and 7.088 KHZ, the EPRG calling frequencies many Sundays from 09.00 GMT until late and also some week days. I also monitor 145.425 KHZ/88.5 HZ CTCSS when I am at home, usually every evening. When I walk to the mountain I usually take my Kenwood TH-D7 to send APRS Beacons every 5 minutes to show my exact location. You can follow my trek by clicking here. You can send an APRS SMS to SV1UY-7 to arrange a sked if you wish. I also use APRS as an alert mechanism when I am on the mountain, to alert my friends that I am QRV for an HF Portable QSO.

If you are interested in portable HF radio I would love to hear from you in order to have a 2 way HF portable QSO. You can just call me on 7.088 KHZ, 14.340 KHZ on SSB/CW or e-mail me for a sked if you wish. If you are near Athens call me on 145.425 KHZ/88.5 HZ CTCSS which I monitor every night after 22.00 local time or whenever I am in the shack. I also monitor RU5 Mt. Parnitha Repeater/ECHOLINK 255006 when I drive and operate APRS sending APRS Beacons nearly every 2 minutes with my TM-D700 when I am in my car, so you can click here to see where I have just been driving. You can also send an APRS SMS to SV1UY-9 when I am in my car.

European Portable Radio Group

Click here to subscribe to european-portable-radio-group

RTTY (Radioteletype) is a telecommunications system consisting originally of two or more electromechanical teleprinters in different locations connected by radio rather than a wired link.

Landline teleprinter operations began in 1849 in USA.The system was designed by Emile Baudot in 1874 and used a five unit code. RTTY is also called Baudot.

Radioteletype evolved from these earlier landline teleprinter operations and it was used in all mobile units of the armies, in aeroplanes, boats etc.

From the 1980s the mechanical teleprinters were gradually replaced by computers running teleprinter emulation software and today you can easily find a free RTTY program for your windows PC and using your Soundcard as a modem you can operate RTTY for next to nothing.
Such a program is MMTTY by Makoto Mori - JH3HHT and I believe that MMTTY is a good software only solution for RTTY.
There is also another nice Multimode HF Digital Modes program which supports RTTY as well as all the other modes. This can run in Windows, LINUX and OSX O/Ses, it is called Fldigi. Author is W1HKJ.

Both these programs are FREEWARE.

• When I first got involved in RTTY I used a heavy Surplus Teleprinter Machine from the American Army for a few months, but this was too noisy, oily and needed constant maintainance, plus paper.
• I replaced this setup with a Homemade Terminal Unit with a Square Matrix of 81 red leds CROSS TUNING INDICATOR connected to it for easy RTTY tuning, using the Sinclair ZX81 Home Computer with RITTY, an RTTY program from G4IDE in an EPROM. I built this system in 1984 and had many happy QSOs with it (I must remember to take some pictures to show you since I still have this gear).
• Later I used a Sinclair ZX Spectrum Home Computer with the same Terminal Unit but using RITTY-9, the latest RTTY program of it's time from G4IDE.
• After 1995 I made a new Terminal Unit designed by G3LIV and BMKMULTY, a program written by G4BMK for DOS computers, which supported RTTY, CW, AMTOR and PACTOR. I run this setup in an OLIVETTI QUADERNO, an A5 size DOS mini Laptop with a V30 CPU@16MHZ and a 20MB Hard Disk.
• Since 2000 I use my trusted SCS PTC-II controller with various terminal programs such as SCS'S PLUSTERM and today with DJ0CU's Simple32Gold or PA0NC's NCwinPTC terminal program for all my RTTY activities. This Modem supports all main DATA MODES, even PSK31, and of course it is a fantastic RTTY controller.

Slow-scan Television (SSTV) is a picture transmission method used mainly by amateur radio operators, to transmit and receive static pictures via radio in monochrome or colour. A technical term for SSTV is narrowband television. Broadcast television requires 6 MHZ wide channels, because it transmits 25 or 30 pictures frames per second, but SSTV usually only takes up to a maximum of 3 KHZ of bandwidth. It is a much slower method of still picture transmission, usually taking from about 8 seconds to 2 minutes, depending on the mode used, to transmit one image frame.

Since SSTV systems operate on voice frequencies, amateurs use it on shortwaves (which is also called HF), VHF and UHF radio.

It was invented in 1957-58 by Copthorne Mcdonald WA2BCW (now VY2CM). In 1958 he wrote a paper about it and in 1968 the mode was officially recognised by FCC. He developed the 1st 120 line SSTV system using an electrostatic monitor and a vidicon tube.

SSTV was use to transmit pictures from many SPACE missions back to earth by the Americans and the Russians.

Commercial systems started appearing in USA in 1970 and required sophisticated equipment which was very expensive. These were used by few Radio Amateurs who could afford them and by the police the army etc. These services still use them today in many parts of the world.

In the early 1990s many systems that used PCs, special SSTV software and cheap ISA cards as the SSTV modem, appeared in the scene and more amateurs got involved. The only expensive part was a VIDEO Camera needed to transmit live pictures.

Today all computers have SoundCards and there are many free SSTV programs available, MMSSTV is one of them, so it has become a very popular mode because anyone can work SSTV without any cost practically. Really all you need today is a decent SoundCard since the computer SSTV programs use it as an SSTV Modem, a decent WEBcam and you are on the air. Unfortunately free Analogue SSTV programs leave a lot to be desired and for me the best SSTV program that shows the smoothest and clearest Analogue SSTV pictures is CHROMAPIX at a cost of 120 $. In the end you get what you pay for really!

SSTV was the main reason why I became a licensed radio amateur, after having being introduced to it by Dinos SV1DB in ELECTRON 73 Radio and Electronics exchibition in Athens. This happened in 1973.

• After getting my Amateur Radio license in 1983, I used for many years a homemade 128 line RAM Converter with 3 memories, which I built from a design of G3WCY/G4ENA for the members of BATC (British Amateur Television Club). This unit has 80 TTL and CMOS chips and supported the LINE SEQUENTIAL 24 secs COLOUR TX/RX MODE as well as the 8 secs BW mode. I used a PHILIPS CCTV BW Camera to capture the pictures and my Sinclair ZX Spectrum Personal Computer with a homemade SSTV Interface as a Text Generator SSTV MACHINE by G1FTU for typing my CQ calls etc. I built this converter in 1985-86 and and I still have it today.
• In 1996 I discovered a nice DOS SSTV program called GSH-PC by Geza DL4SAW. This program worked perfectly all the new 256 line Colour SSTV Modes, such as Martin 1 etc, by using an ISA SSTV Card and Camera capture device built in the same card. So this was the 1st hardware SSTV solution built in a PC card.
• Today I use ChromaPIX for SoundCard Analogue SSTV (best SSTV program ever due to it's special DSP decoding techniques that shows the smoothest and clearest SSTV pictures, not pixelized ones like all free SSTV profgrams do) and my SCS PTC-II with JVComm32 again for Analogue SSTV, although CHROMAPIX is superior.
• For DIGITAL SSTV I use VK4AES's EasyPAL, which is really a glorified SoundCard File Transfer Program using HB9TLK's HamDream the Ham version of DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale). In this version of DIGITAL SSTV you don't see the picture until it is decoded!
  The good thing about EASYPal is that you only need 75% (depending on how strong Read Solomon Encoding the transmitting station employs) of the file due to it's ERROR CORRECTION techniques! Unfortunatelly with all the QRM/QSB that prevails in the HD Radio Amateur Bands today, receiving a picture with EasyPAL can be a hitty missy process despite it's ERROR correction techniques, BSR requests etc.
  Nevertheless many people use it today on 14,233 KHZ.
• A better DIGITAL SSTV approach is JJ0OBZ's KG-STV which is another SoundCard DIGITAL SSTV Program, not compatible to the DRM protocol. It uses MSK or 4LFSK in a 600 Hz bandwidth. This is more close to SSTV because it works in a way similar to Analogue SSTV since it scans the image block by block, compresses and digitally encodes each block to 16 x 16 pixels and then transmits it. Picture size is 320 X 240 pixels and it has a total of 300 blocks. Each successfully received block is shown on your computer monitor in realtime and even if your QSO is interrupted you still get a partial picture with some blocks missing! I think this is better than other Digital SSTV programs, but it is fairly new and not many radio amateurs know about it.
  You can find a few hams using it on 14,233 KHZ, although this is still rare!
• The BEST DIGITAL SSTV SYSTEM is the one I use with my P4dragon or PTC-II modem and DJ0CU's Gamma RV, alas not supported anymore but can be downloaded here or DJ0CU's latest terminal program for SCS Pactor modemsSimple32Gold which support DIGITAL SSTV QSOs between 2 stations connected in PACTOR 3 or 4 ARQ mode allowing me to use my WebCAM or other loaded files to be sent ERROR FREE using PACTOR 3 or 4 ARQ. This system works just like DIGITAL SSTV but much better because your correspondent at the other end of the QSO can actually see your DIGITALLY transmitted SSTV picture presented on his computer screen 3 lines at a time as it is being decoded and fast/perfect picture delivery is guaranteed because of PACTOR 3 or 4.
  This ability of the above setup using PACTOR 3 or 4 with a PTC-II or P4dragon modem as a means to transfer the picture make Gamma RV and Simple32Gold the only DIGITAL SSTV systems that DESERVE TO BE CALLED SSTV because most other programs are really glorified FILE TRANSFER programs, not real SSTV!
  Simple32Gold also supports a BROADCAST DIGITAL SSTV MODE. This can be viewed simultaneously by many people who also use Simple32Gold and a PTC-II series modem in PACTOR 3 or P4dragon modem in Pactor 4 ARQ mode.
  I sometimes operate this sort of DIGITAL SSTV on 14,109 KHZ Center Frequency (14,107.50 KHZ DIAL) with others who are QRV on PACTOR 3 or 4.

  If you care for a sked please e-mail me.

• Finally when I am out and about operating portable I use a Visual Communicator VC-H1 Portable SSTV Camera with my TH-D7 or FT-817. This SSTV Camera supports most Analogue SSTV Modes and also DIGITAL SSTV via 9600 bps PACKET RADIO MODE, using some protocol similar to UDP.

Click on My Live SSTV RX to see what is my FT-1000MP receiving right now. Check the time that the top picture has been received in order to understand if my SSTV Receiving Station is online.

You can watch what other Radio Amateurs are seeing right now at World SSTV Cams.

Here is a very nice SSTV Presentation by KA8VIT and KC8OWL.

Another nice SSTV page with a nice demo of the 1st SSTV images in 1960 by W3WVG is here.

You can find a lot of information and links about SSTV in CQ SSTV de KB4YZ WEB site.

And last but not least, here is OE1RIB's mobile SSTV System based on a PIC controller which is very good for the mobile operator, and another nice mobile SSTV page by WA8LMF using the Kenwood VC-H1 portable SSTV. There is also SSTV Pad for your Iphone.

Here is a picture of my shack. You are invited to come in for a virtual visit.

Today I use an FT-1000MP at home with a 2 turn BALCONY SQUARE LOOP with an auto ATU by SV1NL on my 4th floor veranda. This antenna is very good in the higher bands (40-10m) but a compromise antenna for 80 and 160 meters. I also have a 5.5m EX-CB Vertical on the roof with an SGC-230 ATU.

I have worked more than 100 countries without even trying (mostly with QRP), but I do not count them anymore because I am not at all interested in collecting DX awards. I love the technical part of amateur radio and of course SSTV, PACTOR and PACKET Radio rather than award hunting. Do not get me wrong, I like DX and occasionally I will have a QSO with a DX station, but I am not interested in awards.

I work DX mostly when I walk on the mountains and operate HF portable!

Here are some of the things I like doing, along with some links about them:
ANTENNA, HF MOBILE, SSTV, PACKET RADIO, HF DIGITAL MODES, (PACTOR 1/2/3 & 4), AMTOR, PSK31, RTTY, Radio Wave Propagation Prediction and of course TCP/IP over RADIO.

For my HF/VHF/UHF mobile operating I first used a GCR-1000 (a Greek made 25 watt output HF radio), later a Yaesu FT-100 and now a Yaesu FT-857D with an ATAS-100, a Diamond HF mobile antenna or a SIRIO monobander 80 meter HF mobile. I have also used an (80-10 meter) PRO-AM HF mobile, but it is too big. I would like to get a hold on an original Screwdriver HF antenna some day.

I also use the Kenwood TMD-700 for APRS and Voice Communications when I drive and if you like to track me while I am driving or to see where I've been, you can click here to see my SV1UY-8 car or here to see my SV1UY-9 car.

When I drive around Athens I am always QRV on RU1 which is also connected to ECHOLINK Node 255006, so if you have ECHOLINK access you are welcome to connect to this node and call me for a short QSO.

Pactor (Latin: The mediator) was developed by Special Communications Systems GmbH (SCS) and released to the public in 1991. It was developed in order to improve the reception of digital data when the received signal was weak or noisy. PACTOR is an evolution of both AMTOR and packet radio; its name is a combination of these two technologies. PACTOR combines the bandwidth efficiency of packet radio with the error-correction (CRC) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) of AMTOR. It also employs Memory ARQ and online DATA COMPRESSION to increase throughput. Amateur radio operators were instrumental in developing and implementing these digital modes. PACTOR is most commonly used on frequencies between 1 MHz and 30 MHz.

PACTOR is an established standard for FSK/PSK radio teletype on shortwave amateur and marine radio today. Newer versions are used by amateur radio operators to transfer large binary data files and to accomplish Internet E-mail access over shortwave radio. Winlink 2000 is a global communications system which uses PACTOR as well as other technologies (PACKET RADIO, WINMOR, APRS), but PACTOR 2,3 and 4 are their primary and fastest modes.

PACTOR and PACKET

Do not forget that PACKET Radio, PACTOR and generally HF DIGITAL DATA COMMUNICATIONS are not only MAIL or BULLETING FORWARDING as many PBBS sysops, or NETROM BARONS and PACKET KINGS have you believe. There are plenty of other applications out there, such as FILE TRANSFER, APRS, QSOing, CONVERSing with many radio hams simultaneously, DX-CLUSTER, discussions over MAILING LISTS, visiting remote amateur networks, playing games, e-mail and many other TCP/IP and numerous plain AX25 applications.

My PACTOR etc Modems

I have been using an SCS PTC-II controller since August 1999 using SCS's own terminal program PLUSTERM under DOS. Now I use DJ0CU's Simple32Gold nice terminal program specially made for PTC-II controllers. I find PTC-II to be the best HF/VHF DIGITAL MODES CONTROLLER, after having used a Homemade Terminal Unit designed by G3LIV using BMKMULTY software written by G4BMK, a KAM and a KAM PLUS TNC from Kantronics for many years.

This Fantastic SCS PTC-II controller allows you to operate RTTY, CW, AMTOR, PACTOR 1/2 & 3, PSK31, 300/1k2/2k4/9k6 BPS PACKET RADIO, 600 BPS ROBUST PACKET RADIO, WEFAX, NAVTEX, Analogue SSTV and DIGITAL SSTV via PACTOR 3 using DJ0CU's Simple32Gold sophisticated terminal program, (did I forget anything?) in a very efficient way and without slowing your QUAD Core Windows PC down to a halt. It only needs a slow DOS PC to operate all HF DATA MODES and a slow Windows 95 PC, or LINUX PC to operate SSTV and DIGITAL SSTV.

P4dragon DR-7800

Since January 2012 I am the happy owner of a P4dragon DR-7800, the latest and greatest Pactor modem from SCS. This is a fantastic modem supporting Pactor 4 as well all the older legacy Pactor modes, Pactor 1-3 and can also monitor RTTY and NAVTEX signals on it's OLED front panel DISPLAY without the need of a PC.
I can now operate Pactor 4 on HF with a lighning speed (for HF) of 10500 bps and I use it for Pactor QSOS, Pactor 4 DIGITAL SSTV, Pactor 4 file transfers, WINLINK2000 MAIL and other uses.
It is the FASTEST and most ROBUST HF DIGITAL MODEM that exists today!

Unfortunatelly SCS has not included support for RTTY, PSK31, AMTOR, PACKET RADIO or ROBUST PR in this otherwise great modem and they have not even promised that there will be such support in the near future. On the other hand all the commands for these unsupported modes are already there but they do nothing at the moment. They have not even included a PACTOR MBOX in it, so unless you are interested in WINLINK2000 or in P4 QSOS, including DIGITAL SSTV via Paul's DJ0CU Simple32 terminal program, this modem might not be for you!

Their recent development of a LINUX terminal program though sounds promising and hopefully they will soon support at least RTTY, PACKET and RPR (TX/RX) because at the moment they only support RTTY RX.

For more information about this modem go to P4dragon's Website.

Free SoundCard HF DIGITAL DATA MODES Software

Of course there are many exotic new HF Digital Modes and you can also operate these modes with your computer's SoundCard without a special modem but don't forget that you really need an expensive SoundCard and even then you must adjust it (and keep adjusting it regularly) against WWV for satisfactory operation, otherwise you are wasting your time because you are depended on the very unstable clock of your soundcard. Also Windows keep changing the soundcard you have assigned to your DIGITAL MODE program as they please and you have to forever keep changing it back to the proper SoundCard! Even the best soundcards have a 100ppm drift, therefore even if you adjust it against WWV it will still drift like hell, as the computer gets hotter and as you start running more and ore programs at the same time that you run your DIGITAL MODE program. This is probably OK for Asynchronous modes such as PSK31, RTTY, Analogue SSTV and some other exotic digital modes but not at all good for ARQ modes. So SoundCard Warriors beware!!!
One of the best Multimode Soundcard Programs is Fldigi which is FREEWARE and maintained by W1HKJ. It has most, if not all, HF DIGITAL MODES and this guy keeps improving his program almost weekly.
Another very good Multimode HF DIGITAL MODES program is MULTIPSK which I call "The Swiss Knife of all MODES (DIGITAL and ANALOGUE)". This program is written and maintained by Patrick F6CTE and is supported very well. It is FREE, but not for all modes, and apart from all exotic HF DIGITAL MODES it also supports SSTV, ALE, FELD HELL, SITOR, GMDSS, ACARS, DGPS, HFDL, COQUELET, HFFAX, etc just to name a few and it has a very clever and effective way of calibrating you SoundCard. As for the price it is about 30 EUR if I remember correctly and if you pay more features in the professional modes are activated. All the Radio Amateur modes can be operated for FREE. The program has a different user interface without pull down menus, it looks like a big BOX with all the buttons in the front panel and I like it very much. It is worth trying.

QRV PACTOR

Pactor_Packet Yahoo Group

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My Radio E-Mail

Today I use Radio e-mail a lot, via the Winlink 2000 system (WL2K in short). This system was started by a group of American Radio Amateurs for the Radio Amateurs on the go and for Emergency Communications. Many Radio Amateurs have installed numerous HF/VHF/UHF Nodes all over the World that are also connected to Internet so there are 93 HF RMS PACTOR/WINMOR Access Points with frequency scanning, 229 VHF/UHF RMS PACKET Access Points, only for Radio Amateurs. APRSlink uses hundreds VHF APRS IGATES in every part of the World. This system can be used by Radio Amateur operators globally for sending/receiving e-mail, download Weather Maps, Weather Reports and other useful information.

I can access this system in many ways:

• From home or when portable by utilising PACTOR 2, 3 or 4 on HF with my P4dragon, SCS PTC-II or SCS PTC-IIe modems and ASUS eeePC701 or 901 netbooks using Airmail 2000 version 3.3.081 by Jim Corenman KE6RK.

  Pactor 2 has a net throughput of 700 bps (1200 bps with compression) with 4 speedlevels using a bandwidth of only 500 Hz.
  Pactor 3 has a net throughput of 3600 bps (5200 bps with compression) with 6 speedlevels using a bandwidth of 2200 Hz.
  Pactor 4 has a net throughput of 5500 bps (10500 bps with compression) with 10 speedlevels using a bandwidth of 2400 Hz.

• I can also use APRSlink with my VX-8E or TH-D7E on APRS when I operate walking Portable and all I have in my pocket is my VX-8E or TH-D7E.
• Also by using VHF/UHF PACKET Radio with my TH-D7E and ASUS eeePC701 or 901 with Airmail2000 software v 3.3.081 by Jim Corenman KE6RK, AGWPE by SV2AGW and AMPE by KG9OG.
• Finally I can do "the same" but with a SLOWER and LESS ROBUST HF Digital Mode called WINMOR (a soundcard HF ARQ Digital Mode) using my QUAD Core Windows 7 Desktop PC. HF WINMOR is nearly as fast as Pactor 2, only when HF conditions are perfect, or nearly perfect, but not as robust as Pactor 2 at the pesence of QRM/QSB/multipath. Of course it doesn't go anywhere near Pactor 3, never mind Pactor 4. Also WINMOR can't work efficiently with a cheap netbook such as an ASUS eeePC701 or 901, because Netbooks lack computing power. I have noticed that WINMOR, just like any protocol that uses a soundcard instead of a hardware modem, has too many issues with O/S latency so I'm not so sure if it is any good for Portable Operations or for serious EMCOMM use! It is cheaper though and if you can't afford an SCS PTC-IIe (which costs as much as a cheap HF Radio) or the newest SCS P4dragon (net throughput with compression is 10500 bps) in order to use HF Pactor, then it can be a good solution for your Radio E-mail needs provided you have a fast PC (more expensive than a slow PC that a Pactor modem needs) without many latency issues, such as a Desktop PC. You also need a Good, thus expensive 2nd SoundCard, or a Signalink SLUSB interface, plus the cost of WINMOR, which is $39. If you do not have a new high power PC with a good SoundCard, you need to spend $600 - $1000 for a QUAD Core, about $120 for a Signalink Interface and $39 for WINMOR. You should also be prepared to make, and keep making tedious SoundCard adjustments, CONTINUOUSLY, in order to keep WINMOR working in an acceptable order! Of course this is not WINMOR's fault, but the O/S's fault. Windows is notorious for altering the SoundCard Levels, everytime it feels like it. It is never stable! These are WINDOWS inherent faults, that make SoundCard Modes unatractive to me!

So this Winlink 2000 Radio E-mail system is extremely useful especially when I am on my holidays or somewhere without an Internet feed. You can contact me on SV1UY @ WINLINK.ORG (use either capital or small letters) even when I walk on the mountains. I will receive your e-mail in my VX-8E HT via APRSlink. Mobile phones do not work on the mountains but APRS or HF PACTOR do. When I am near a city with an RMS PACKET Node, I can also access this Node via PACKET Radio too, otherwise I use HF PACTOR to access any RMS PACTOR Node via HF.

If you send an e-mail to my radio e-mail address just remember to precede the subject line of your message with "//WL2K " and a space after it, without the quotes, for example [Subject: //WL2K (then any normal subject)]. and keep it short. This is Winlink 2000's anti-SPAM mechanism. I can also receive attachments (pictures, text, zip files, etc.) when I have access to HF PACTOR 3 or PACKET Radio.

Of course if you are a Winlink 2000 user, you just have to address your message to SV1UY without using the @WINLINK.ORG part after my callsign.

The great thing about the Winlink 2000 system is that I can receive my e-mail via radio no matter where I am in the world, and I do not have to inform the system like the WhitePages of the old PACKET MAIL FBBBBS system about which is your nearest BBS. My e-mail is just stored in Winlink 2000's wordlwide servers and I can pick it up using HF PACTOR, HF WINMOR, APRSlink via APRS, VHF/UHF PACKET RADIO, telnet if I have no radio equipment with me and I have internet connection in my netbook, even at an Internet Cafe using Internet Explorer and Winlink's WEBmail facility.

I even get a notification in my VX-8 when I switch it on and send an APRS BEACON if there is any radio e-mail waiting for me and I can even read it and send a short reply with my VX-8 or any APRS capable radio. This works in a similar way POP works in your PC with Outlook e-mail program.

I can also send position reports via the Winlink 2000 by sending a short radio e-mail whenever I connect to the system to read or send e-mail, and more...

For more information about Radio e-mail you can visit Winlink 2000 WEB site here and read all the information you need.

There is another Radio E-mail system, which has been started by Rein PA0R for the Radio Amateurs on the move, or the ones without an internet connection and allows you to send/receive e-mail directly from your e-mail provider via HF Radio (including Gmail), browse the WEB (ASCII text only), send APRS Position Beacons, APRS messages, short APRS e-mails, call CQ, have QSOS (CHAT between clients) and even send/receive tweets from Twitter! It also supports map clients like Xastir and UiView.

This is the PSKmail system which is a Narrow Band ARQ system for use by Radio Amateurs on the move. It does not use a special modem because it uses a PC's Soundcard. Fantastic for SoundCard Warriors who do not fear the fact that they have to calibrate the PC's soundcard against WWV and keep adjusting the SoundCard settings each time they changes bands (SoundCard Digital Modes are very finicky with their transmission audio settings) and for Radio Hams who would rather spend their hard earned cash to buy a faster computer rather than investing in a PACTOR Modem and keep their old PC!!!

PSKmail uses a multiplatform program, Fldigi by W1HKJ as a modem, and can use most if not any digital mode supported by Fldigi, including the new robust PSK ARQ modes. These modes include Soft Viterbi decoding and interleaving to increase immunity to QRM and QRN. The system uses adaptive mode control to use the channel capacity efficiently. When channel quality deteriorates or gets better during a connected session, the system changes speed to adapt to the current conditions.

It has a client/server architecture and only allows 1 connected client at a time, just like PACTOR. Bandwidth using the maximum speed of PSK500R is 500 Hz, providing a net throughput of around 283 bps (with ONLINE compression), not bad for what you pay, but this is a bad use of our precious bandwidth on HF and too slow when compared with Pactor 2 that is much faster, 1200 bps with online compression and uses the same bandwidth as PSKmail thus making very good use of the same 500 Hz bandwidth. This PSK500R protocol can only beat Pactor 1 whose net throughput is 153 bps, but it is not as robust as Pactor 1 therefore we can say that PSK500R and Pactor 1 are nearly equal in overall speed, and when PSK500R meets any QRM on HF, it disconnects, where Pactor 1 with it's memory ARQ thrives on HF. Notice that I have not compared it with the faster Pactor modes, since it only competes with Pactor 1. On the other hand Per PA0R is always trying to make his program better and more robust, which is a good thing, but unfortunately he is stuck with PSK modulation because he believes that Radio e-mail should be narrowband, therefore PSK500R is the fastest mode he will ever use.

I only wish PSKmail could also support SCS Pactor Modems as well as other cheap Hardware Multimode Modems (KAM+, PK232, MFJ-1278 etc.) from other makers in addition to Fldigi, but when I asked I got the impression that Per hates Pactor and I was nearly told off for thinking heretically!!! Per also mentions in PSKmail's WEBpages that PACTOR 2 and 3 are not Radio Amateur Digital Modes because they are not in the public domain and because you have to pay if you want a PACTOR modem, as if our HF Radios, Computers, Antennas and basically most hardware we use in Amateur Radio were FREE. So he rules out Pactor modes, as non acceptable for use in PSKmail!!! This is a pity because PSKmail, as a concept, is much better than Winlink 2000 and it would thrive with the turbo PACTOR protocols 2,3 and now Pactor 4, and SCS has already started researching the next mode, Pactor 5!

As far as I'm concerned PSKmail is only worth using when you operate HF portable since PSK modes do not need a fast PC and thus are not power hungry. An old PC, laptop or netbook is usually fast enough! I only wish someone wrote a PSKmail client for Windows Mobile, Android or even Symbian OSes. Then PSKmail would be a really serious proposition for Radio e-mail.

PSKmail's client program, jPSKmail, is written in java and runs in Linux, Windows and OSX. The server is written in Perl.

Main frequency of operation in Europe is 10,147 Khz CF (10,146 DIAL USB) and default listening mode is PSK500R. There are only 10 HF Scanning PSKmail servers worldwide (7 in Europe, 1 in Australia, 1 in South Africa and 1 in Canada) and another 16 operating in one HF frequency, available for the Radio Amateur community, so it might be a struggle at times to read/send e-mail via this system.

You can find more information about PSKmail here. You can also download the latest programs!

Breaking News, PSKmail goes ANDROID

2/9/2011: The great news is that VK2ETA has just released AndPSKmail a PSKmail client for Android. I think this is great news for the Portable Radio Amateur operators, since the time you really want to use a Radio E-mail system is when you are operating HF portable, not when you are at your home QTH. This new Android PSKmail client will allow backpackers, cyclists, motorcyclists or anyone wanting a light, not power hungry HF Radio e-mail system, to send/read Radio e-mail while on the move (well their co-passenger could if they are riding a motorbike). Interested backpackers can surely do this on the move if they have an Android mobile phone or Android tablet PC and an FT-817 or IC-703 in their backpack! Looking forward to trying it with my 7 inch Samsung Galaxy Tab! Who knows I might even get to like PSKmail!!!

The americans have yet another Radio E-mail system, different from Winlink 2000 and PSKmail. It is called Narrow Band Emergency Messaging System (NBEMS) and uses Fldigi as modem and Flarq as an ERROR Correction program with other assorted programs to do file transfers, send radio messages and control your Rig. I have never used this system, apart from Fldigi which is a very good all mode HF DIGITAL MODES SoundCard program, but one can find more information on W1HKJ's WEB site and follow the links for fldigi/flarq, flwrap, flmsg, flrig, etc.

This system is probably as fast as PSKmail but much slower than Winlink 2000. Also it has a different approach in that they only use RF and it is not as sophisticated as Winlink 2000 and PSKmail. NBEMS does not have any MailServers (RMSes, CMS, APRSlink or PSKMailServers) installed spread all over the World. It is a peer to peer Radio E-mail System.

Also your computer's SoundCard has to be adjusted and you must keep an eye to your audio settings each time you change bands since SoundCard Digital Modes are very finicky about having the right sound ALC level on transmission.

There is also an NBEMS Yahoogroup here incase you wish to join them and find more information about this system.

PACTOR vs. WINMOR

Two of the popular protocols used on HF in the WL2K system are WINMOR and Pactor. While WINMOR may not equal P2 and P3 or P4 in total message transfer performance, it provides a cost-effective means of using the system, and is more robust and faster than P1, and faster than P2 in favorable conditions. WINMOR is attractive to anyone who has trouble justifying the high cost and low utilization of a P3-P4 modem. Mariners, who daily use radio email for long-distance lifeline communications at sea, can usually justify a Pactor modem purchase. EmComm agencies who fund equipment purchases are smart to opt for advanced Pactor modems for reliability and ease of use under the stress of emergency operations. Successful WINMOR operating requires skill in making multiple adjustments, and knowledge of the computer's operating system, which often do not lend themselves to success under the pressure of an emergency situation.

Conclusion

I must say that I do not totally agree with Winlink 2000's WEB site. I have tested WINMOR many times and have found out that in real life (i.e. on real HF COMMS) it is not faster than Pactor 2, nor is it more robust than Pactor 1. It is nearly as fast, but slower than Pactor 2, and really Pactor 1 is more robust than WINMOR in most cases. In the LABORATORY, WINMOR seems to be as good as P2 but this is not the case when it faces bad HF conditions that are common most of the time! Also something they keep well hidden in their comparison is the fact that in it's FAST mode WINMOR needs a 1600 HZ channel when Pactor 2 needs only 450 HZ.

After all the above, I think that although SoundCard Modes are OK for QSOS such as SSTV, RTTY, PSK31, Olivia and other exotic modes where you don't mind repeating your CALLSIGN, NAME and QTH twice, they are not suitable for RELIABLE and FAST Radio E-mail, DATA Transfer over Radio, Networking over Radio or Emergency Comms, a hardware Modem solution such an HF PACTOR 2/3 or 4 modem, being the most suitable solution.
Second best might be WINMOR, at least for now, although it is not much cheaper overall because you either have to pay an amount for a PTC Modem and keep your old PC, or buy a fast new PC with a decent soundcard and/or a suitable interface (SIGNALINK, not free), then buy WINMOR (it's not free) and suffer from PC latency, SoundCard instability (notorious in Windows even if you buy a SIGNALINK interface with a built-in soundcard), slower speeds, HF QRM/QRM/multipath distortion while you are struggling to send your very important e-mail or do your important file transfer, if these are important to you of course.

I'm not so sure how much money do you save in the end and if it's worth saving so little at the expense of all the above mentioned drawbacks!

Atari Portfolio (English) | Olivetti Quaderno (English) | HP200LX (English)
Atari Portfolio   (Greek) | Olivetti Quaderno   (Greek) | HP200LX   (Greek)

Here you can find the latest DOMAIN.TXT and see how many Radio Amateurs are involved with TCP/IP over Radio in Greece.

You can easily contact me via e-mail on sv1uy @ yahoo.com or via Radio e-mail on SV1UY @ WINLINK.ORG . Please do not phone me. Respect my personal life. Remember this is ONLY A HOBBY for me.

Connect to ATHnet's WEBSERVER

Connect to ATHnet's WEBCONVERS

Telnet ATHnet's GATEWAY

*** Type "CONV" to join our CONVERS

When you are in the CONVERS SERVER (you may have to ENABLE LOCAL ECHO if you use the WINDOWS TELNET CLIENT or Hyperterm), type /n callsign and you will go to channel 154 to have a QSO with SV Radio Amateurs. Please use your CALLSIGN to logon. You will probably find me there from Monday - Friday after 22.00 Athens time and anytime during the weekend.

BETTER still!

Download and install TTYlink, a very nice FREEWARE TTYlink and TELNET CLIENT program that has been made by PA3AZK especially for radio amateur Windows (W95, W98, WNT, Win2000, WinME, WinXP and Win7) computers. It has a one line buffer at the bottom of the screen where you can type/edit your lines before you send them to the CONVERS, the DX-CLUSTER or the MailBox/GATEWAY you are connected to. This is very good because it does not mix the incoming with the outgoing lines and you always see what you are typing before sending it.

If you are a LINUX user of you use JNOS in DOS, Linux or Windows, then you have no problems with the CONVERS. It is only the Windows TELNET client program that has a terrible terminal emulation which makes things difficult for you.

If you have problems using this SERVER please e-mail SV1UY, the administrator of this system.

Connect to G4MSF Keith's WEB PAGES for his 1940's portable radios collection

AC6V - AMATEUR RADIO AND DX REFERENCE GUIDE

Athens 20 June 2012
73 de SV1UY
e-mail: sv1uy @ yahoo.com
Radio e-mail: SV1UY @ WINLINK.ORG

Tele-Communications in Ancient Greece
European Portable Radio Group | Pactor Packet Group | My Live SSTV RX | My APRS IGATE (Statistics Page)
Connect to ATHnet's WEB SERVER | Connect to ATHnet's WEBCONVERS
My Hobby | My QRP | My Best DX | My RTTY | My SSTV | My PACTOR | My Radio E-Mail | My Shack | My Mobile
My Portable PACKET | ATHnet-AMPRnet | SV IP Addresses | JNOS-Kit | ATHnet's LINKS | OTHER HAM links
TCP/IP Radio tutorial in Greek-437 | TCP/IP tutorial in Greek-437 | NOS-FAQ in Greek-437
APRS-Where am I/have been driving? (SV1UY-9) | APRS-Where am I/have been walking/cycling (SV1UY-7)?
Weather DATA at SV1UY-2 (in my QTH)

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